KMID : 1040620210270010110
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Clinical and Molecular Hepatology 2021 Volume.27 No. 1 p.110 ~ p.124
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Lactobacillus attenuates progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by lowering cholesterol and steatosis
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Lee Na-Young
Shin Min-Jea Youn Gi-Soo Yoon Sang-Jun Choi Ye-Rin Kim Hyeong-Seop Gupta Haripriya Han Sang-Hak Kim Byoung-Kook Lee Do-Yup Park Tae-Sik Sung Ho-Taik Kim Byung-Yong Suk Ki-Tae
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Abstract
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Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely related to gut-microbiome. There is a paucity of research on which strains of gut microbiota affect the progression of NAFLD. This study explored the NAFLD-associated microbiome in humans and the role of Lactobacillus in the progression of NAFLD in mice.
Methods: The gut microbiome was analyzed via next-generation sequencing in healthy people (n=37) and NAFLD patients with elevated liver enzymes (n=57). Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were separated into six groups (n=10 per group; normal, Western, and four Western diet + strains [109 colony-forming units/g for 8 weeks; L. acidophilus, L. fermentum, L. paracasei, and L. plantarum]). Liver/body weight ratio, liver pathology, serum analysis, and metagenomics in the mice were examined.
Results: Compared to healthy subjects (1.6¡¾4.3), NAFLD patients showed an elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (25.0¡¾29.0) and a reduced composition of Akkermansia and L. murinus (P<0.05). In the animal experiment, L. acidophilus group was associated with a significant reduction in liver/body weight ratio (5.5¡¾0.4) compared to the Western group (6.2¡¾0.6) (P<0.05). L. acidophilus (41.0¡¾8.6), L. fermentum (44.3¡¾12.6), and L. plantarum (39.0¡¾7.6) groups showed decreased cholesterol levels compared to the Western group (85.7¡¾8.6) (P<0.05). In comparison of steatosis, L. acidophilus (1.9¡¾0.6), L. plantarum (2.4¡¾0.7), and L. paracasei (2.0¡¾0.9) groups showed significant improvement of steatosis compared to the Western group (2.6¡¾0.5) (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Ingestion of Lactobacillus, such as L. acidophilus, L. fermentum, and L. plantarum, ameliorates the progression of nonalcoholic steatosis by lowering cholesterol. The use of Lactobacillus can be considered as a useful strategy for the treatment of NAFLD.
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KEYWORD
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Lactobacillus, Probiotics, Gut microbiome, Cholesterol
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